It is this crisis of the idea of progress that we can feel all over Ernst Jünger’s oeuvre, from his famous diaries of his experience in the Great War (In Stahlgewittern), to his “prophetic” work Der Arbeiter and his late novels. But one book of his in particular allows us to penetrate in the nihilistic zeitgeist of the inter-war period: his Auf den Marmorklippen, published at the zenith of Hitler’s power, in 1939. This little book – On the Marble Cliffs, in English –, forgotten in the same way which its author is neglected by the intelligentsia, tells us more about our own times – which are also times of crisis – than several of the “scientific” works that are widespread today, and which denounce a supposedly evident return of fascism. In this jüngerian tale, the despotic figure of the tyrant appears in its most violent essence, as the result of a cosmological disorder that hits society in all of its foundations. On the Marble Cliffs is a book that needs to be remembered, the meaning of which seems today almost as intelligible – and appropriate – as when it was first published.
After I gave my speech last week in Rome, someone came up to me and said, “You have to read The Forest Passage by Ernst Jünger.” I wish I could remember who told me that, but I do remember that they were emphatic. So I ordered it on my Kindle that night from my hotel room, and read it on the flight home.
It’s pretty great. Jünger is one of those writers I’ve heard a lot about, but never read. He died in 1998, at the age of 102. The German fought for the Kaiser in World War I, wrote a celebrated memoir about it, and was wooed by Hitler, though he kept his distance, and even wrote a novel that was widely interpreted as anti-Nazi. Yet he fought for his country in World War II. He was a conservative, but not a Nazi. He wrote a number of books, and became well-loved throughout Europe, especially in France. He came from an unbelieving family, but converted to Catholicism two years before his death.
The Forest Passage, first published in 1951, is a book about resistance to the material age, and authoritarian government. It’s kind of mystical, in a very German Romantic way, which is a bit too much Schlag on the strudel, but this is a minor criticism. This passage by Russell Berman from the introduction to the 2013 Telos Press edition gives you a good idea of where Jünger is coming from:
Religion is important for Jünger because it taps into dimensions of irrationality and myth, the deep wisdom at home in the forest. It is not that Jünger proselytizes or engages in theological speculation, but he recognizes how irrational contents nourish the capacity for independence. No wonder the regimes of power celebrate the cult of reason instead. “How is man to be prepared for paths that lead into darkness and the unknown? The fulfillment of this task belongs chiefly to the churches, and in many known, and many more unknown, cases, it has effectively been accomplished. It has been confirmed that greater force can be preserved in churches and sects than in what are today called worldviews—which usually means natural science raised to the level of philosophical conviction. It is for this reason that we see tyrannical regimes so rabidly persecuting such harmless creatures as the Jehovah’s Witnesses—the same tyrannies that reserve seats of honor for their nuclear physicists.” It is worth noting how the two twin totalitarianisms of the twentieth century each posed as the carrier of a scientific mission: the biological racism of Nazism and the economic “science of Marxism- Leninism” in Communism. From our contemporary point of view, of course, neither is a science, but Jünger’s point is that modes of scientistic thinking are fully compatible with reigns of terror, while the integrity of faith may preserve a space of freedom, a leap of faith into the forest passage.
- 20:00 - Eröffnung des Symposiums - Alexander Pschera und Thomas Bantle
- 20:15 - Die Philosophie der Technik in den 20er und 30er Jahren und Jüngers Arbeiter - Alexander Michailowski
- 21:30 - Umtrunk
- 9:00 - Ernst Jüngers medientheoretische Überlegungen - Detlev Schöttker
- 10:00 - Jüngers Philosophie der Technik und Heidegger - Vincent Blok
- 11:00 - Kaffeepause
- 11:30 - F. G. Jüngers Perfektion der Technik im europäischen Denkkontext - Alexander Pschera
12:30 - Mittagessen
- 14:00 - Vom Verlust des Raumes in Zeiten der Beschleunigung: Ernst Jüngers Reiseprosa und die technische Moderne
- 15:00 - Schiffbruch mit Zuschauer. Zur Technikkritik im Myrdun und Der Waldgang - Niels Penke
- 16:00 - Kaffeepause
- 17:00 - Mitgliederversammlung der Ernst und Friedrich Georg Jünger-Gesellschaft e.V.
- 18:30 - Abendbrot
- 20:00 - Abendveranstaltung: Michael König (Burgtheater Wien) liest aus Ernst Jüngers Waldgang
- 9:30 - Ernst Jüngers Gläserne Bienen - Niels Werber
- 10:30 - Eumeswil und die Posthistoire - Helmuth Kiesel
- 12:00 - Besuch Jünger-Haus
- 13:00 - Mittagessen im Löwen, Wilflingen
- Ausklang - Mokka in Stauffenberg´schen Schloß, Wilflingen
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From Politosophia, a Russian website I stumbled upon, a nice English summary of "On the Marble Cliffs", with an original and excellent take on one important message of the book in its title - how to stay true to yourself. Thank you, Olena!"There are periods of decline when the pattern fades to which our inmost life must conform. When we enter upon them we sway and lose our balance. From hollow joy we sink to leaden sorrow, and past and future acquire a new charm from our sense of loss. So we wander aimlessly in the irretrievable past or in distant Utopias; but the fleeting moment we cannot grasp."
"So I swear to myself in the future to fall alone in freedom rather than to accompany the servants on the path to triumph."
- Ernst Jünger "Auf den Marmorklippen" ("On the Marble Cliffs," 1939)
